Pond Basics – How it works

How does a pond work?

If you are new to ponds, and find yourself the proud owner of one, follow this step by step to find your pond equipment.  Once you know what you have, you can go from there. 

Photo of a diagram of a pond
Photo of diagram of pond and equipment
Photo of a Biofall with floating pond plants in it

This Biofall is not hidden by rocks. It actually is about 2 feet deep!

Photo of a diagram of a pond showing the biofall and the skimmer
Photo of fake rock lid at pond edge

This skimmer has a fake rock and is pretty easy to identify. Sometimes they blend in with rocks around them.

Photo of the inside of a vertical skimmer and leaves

Here is a look at the inside of a skimmer. Not all skimmers look like this!

Photo of a pond skimmer with lid being lifted

This is a photo of my skimmer in the winter. You can see the basket and a pipe (bottom right) that goes to the pump.

Photo of a diagram of a pond showing the biofall, skimmer and pump
Photo of a pond pump box with pipes

An external pump could look something like this, or it may be more complicated. There are creative ways to set up pond equipment and plumbing!

Photo of a diagram of a pond showing what's in a skimmer
Photo of a pond skimmer and filter pad

This shows the inside of my skimmer with the basket out. The water is usually higher, but I had it lower for this picture.

Photo of a diagram of a pond showing equipment and aerators
Photo of a pond with air bubbles and a pink water lily

If you look closely, you can see there there is a column of bubbles coming up and bubbling to the surface. This shows there is an aerator in the water.

An aerator disc may look like this. It is in the water and has a tube going to it.

Photo of an Aquascape aerator

This is an Aquascape aerator with 2 outlets. The discs would be in the water and the motor would be hidden under a fake rock.

Photo of a diagram of a pond showing Biofalls, skimmer and aerators
Photo of a diagram of a pond fake rock

This is the top of an Aquascape Autodose. THe rest of it is guried. (about the size of a long loaf of bread) It has bacteria in it during the warm months to slowly dose the pond daily with exactly what it needs. Usually this is covered with a fake rock to protect the display.

Photo of a pond diagram and GFCI information
Photo of a GFCI outlet

You can see the GCFI button between the 2 outlets. Sometimes this pops and has to be pushed back in. It could pop again right away, indicating a problem with something plugged in to it.

Photo of a pond diagram showing where the pipe is buried

This is the basics of a typical pond.  Your pond may be slightly different and have different equipment. 

Check out our Pond Equipment Photo Comparison page to figure out what equipment your pond has.

Ready to figure out how many gallons of water is in your pond?  Get a tape measure and follow our directions before measuring.  Pop in your numbers and we will tell you how many gallons your system has.  (just click the calculator!)